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Qt6 QML Book
Qt6 QML Book
  • Qt6 QML Book
    • Preface
      • Welcome!
      • Acknowledgements
      • Authors
    • Meet Qt
      • Qt and Qt Quick
      • Qt Building Blocks
      • Qt 6 Introduction
    • Getting Started
      • Quick Start
      • Installing Qt 6 SDK
      • Hello World
      • Application Types
      • Summary
    • Qt Creator IDE
      • Qt Creator IDE
      • The User Interface
      • Registering your Qt Kit
      • Managing Projects
      • Using the Editor
      • Locator
      • Debugging
      • Shortcuts
    • Quick Starter
      • Quick Starter
      • QML Syntax
      • Core Elements
      • Components
      • Simple Transformations
      • Positioning Elements
      • Layout Items
      • Input Elements
      • Advanced Techniques
    • Fluid Elements
      • Fluid Elements
      • Animations
      • States and Transitions
      • Advanced Techniques
    • Qt Quick Controls
      • UI Controls
      • Introduction to Controls
      • An Image Viewer
      • Common Patterns
      • The Imagine Style
      • Summary
    • Model View
      • Model View-Delegate
      • Concept
      • Basic Models
      • Dynamic Views
      • Delegate
      • Advanced Techniques
      • Summary
    • Canvas
      • Canvas Element
      • Convenience API
      • Gradients
      • Shadows
      • Images
      • Transformation
      • Composition Modes
      • Pixel Buffers
      • Canvas Paint
      • Porting from HTML5 Canvas
    • Shapes
      • Shapes
      • A Basic Shape
      • Building Paths
      • Filling Shapes
      • Animating Shapes
      • Summary
    • Effects
      • Effects in QML
      • Particle Concept
      • Simple Simulation
      • Particle Parameters
      • Directed Particles
      • Affecting Particles
      • Particle Groups
      • Particle Painters
      • Graphics Shaders
      • Shader Elements
      • Fragment Shaders
      • Wave Effect
      • Vertex Shader
      • Curtain Effect
      • Summary
    • Multimedia
      • Multimedia
      • Playing Media
      • Sound Effects
      • Video Streams
      • Capturing Images
      • Summary
    • Qt Quick 3D
      • Qt Quick 3D
      • The Basics
      • Working with Assets
      • Materials and Light
      • Animations
      • Mixing 2D and 3D Contents
      • Summary
    • Networking
      • Networking
      • Serving UI via HTTP
      • Templates
      • HTTP Requests
      • Local files
      • REST API
      • Authentication using OAuth
      • Web Sockets
      • Summary
    • Storage
      • Storage
      • Settings
      • Local Storage - SQL
    • Dynamic QML
      • Dynamic QML
      • Loading Components Dynamically
      • Creating and Destroying Objects
      • Tracking Dynamic Objects
      • Summary
    • Javascript
      • JavaScript
      • Browser/HTML vs Qt Quick/QML
      • JS Language
      • JS Objects
      • Creating a JS Console
    • Qt C++
      • Qt and C++
      • A Boilerplate Application
      • The QObject
      • Build Systems
      • Common Qt Classes
      • Models in C++
    • Extending QML
      • Extending QML with C++
      • Understanding the QML Run-time
      • Plugin Content
      • Creating the plugin
      • FileIO Implementation
      • Using FileIO
      • Summary
    • Qt for Python
      • Qt for Python
      • Introduction
      • Installing
      • Building an Application
      • Limitations
      • Summary
    • Qt for MCUs
      • Qt for MCUs
      • Setup
      • Hello World - for MCUs
      • Integrating with C++
      • Working with Models
      • Summary
    • About
      • Readme
      • License
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  1. Qt6 QML Book
  2. Canvas

Pixel Buffers

When working with the canvas you are able to retrieve pixel data from the canvas to read or manipulate the pixels of your canvas. To read the image data use createImageData(sw,sh) or getImageData(sx,sy,sw,sh). Both functions return an ImageData object with a width, height and a data variable. The data variable contains a one-dimensional array of the pixel data retrieved in the RGBA format, where each value varies in the range of 0 to 255. To set pixels on the canvas you can use the putImageData(imagedata, dx, dy) function.

Another way to retrieve the content of the canvas is to store the data into an image. This can be achieved with the Canvas functions save(path) or toDataURL(mimeType), where the later function returns an image URL, which can be used to be loaded by an Image element.

import QtQuick

Rectangle {
    width: 240; height: 120
    Canvas {
        id: canvas
        x: 10; y: 10
        width: 100; height: 100
        property real hue: 0.0
        onPaint: {
            var ctx = getContext("2d")
            var x = 10 + Math.random(80)*80
            var y = 10 + Math.random(80)*80
            hue += Math.random()*0.1
            if(hue > 1.0) { hue -= 1 }
            ctx.globalAlpha = 0.7
            ctx.fillStyle = Qt.hsla(hue, 0.5, 0.5, 1.0)
            ctx.beginPath()
            ctx.moveTo(x+5,y)
            ctx.arc(x,y, x/10, 0, 360)
            ctx.closePath()
            ctx.fill()
        }
        MouseArea {
            anchors.fill: parent
            onClicked: {
                var url = canvas.toDataURL('image/png')
                print('image url=', url)
                image.source = url
            }
        }
    }

    Image {
        id: image
        x: 130; y: 10
        width: 100; height: 100
    }

    Timer {
        interval: 1000
        running: true
        triggeredOnStart: true
        repeat: true
        onTriggered: canvas.requestPaint()
    }
}

In our little example, we paint every second a small circle on the left canvas. When the user clicks on the mouse area the canvas content is stored and an image URL is retrieved. On the right side of our example, the image is then displayed.

PreviousComposition ModesNextCanvas Paint

Last updated 9 months ago